Published on July 11, 2024

Understanding STIs for better sexual health

It’s time for a real talk about something important: sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Whether you’re a college student, a busy parent, or enjoying your golden years, understanding STIs and how to protect yourself is crucial. So, let’s dive into everything you need to know to stay safe, healthy, and stigma-free.

STIs, formerly known as sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), are infections that are primarily passed from one person to another through sexual contact. The name change from STD to STI is significant – as it emphasizes that infections can exist without causing disease symptoms. This helps reduce stigma and promotes awareness that even without symptoms, treatment and testing are crucial.

Before you read any further, it’s important to note that having an STI doesn’t make you dirty or immoral. STIs are incredibly common. In fact, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report that one in five people in the U.S. have an STI. (1) The stigma surrounding STIs can make people feel ashamed or embarrassed, which often prevents them from seeking the help they need. And it’s time we change that narrative – your health is far more important than any societal judgment.

Common STIs

Here are the top three most common STIs in North Carolina, how they are diagnosed, and their treatments:

  • Chlamydia: This is the most reported STI in North Carolina and the United States. (2) Chlamydia is often asymptomatic, but if symptoms do occur, symptoms include discharge and painful urination. It is diagnosed through urine tests or swabs of the affected area and is easily treated with antibiotics.
  • Gonorrhea: Also common in the North Carolina, gonorrhea is diagnosed with similar tests as chlamydia. Symptoms may include painful urination, abnormal discharge, and treatment typically involves antibiotics. (2)
  • Syphilis: Though less common than chlamydia and gonorrhea, syphilis is the third most diagnosed STI in North Carolina. Syphilis presents in stages, and symptoms, like sores or rashes, pop up during the primary or secondary stages. Blood tests are used for diagnosis, and it is treated with antibiotics, usually penicillin. (2)

How to protect yourself

  • Use protection: Condoms are effective when used correctly and can protect against most STIs. (3) Always have them on hand if you are sexually active.
  • Regular testing: Even if you feel fine, some STIs do not have symptoms. Thus, regular testing is important, especially if you have new or multiple partners.
  • Open communication: Talk to your partner(s) about STIs and sexual health.
  • Vaccination: Get vaccinated for HPV. It’s a common STI that can lead to certain cancers, and there’s a vaccine that can help prevent it.

Ending the stigma

We can all play a role in ending the stigma surrounding STIs. Here’s how:

  • Educate yourself and others: Our third U.S. president, Thomas Jefferson, said it best, “Knowledge is power, knowledge is safety, and knowledge is happiness.” (4) So, share what you know with your friends and family.
  • Support and empathy: If someone confides in you about an STI, be supportive. Your reaction can make a huge difference.
  • Advocate for regular testing: Encourage those around you to get tested regularly and normalize the conversation.
  • Use inclusive language: Avoid judgmental terms and language when talking about STIs. For example, instead of saying “clean” or “dirty” when referring to someone’s STI status, use “negative” or “positive.” Or try using phrases like “people with STIs” rather than “infected people” to emphasize the person, not the condition.

Where to get tested

Here are some local spots where you can get tested:

  • AppInternal Medicine: Located at 194 Doctors Drive, Boone, NC. Call them at (828) 386-2746.
  • AppFamily Medicine: They offer STI testing with the convenience of Saturday availability and same-day appointments. You can find them at 148 Highway 105 Extension, Suite 102, Boone, NC. Call (828) 386-2222.
  • Baker Primary Care Center: Located at 436 Hospital Drive, Suite 230, Linville, NC. They also offer Saturday availability and same-day appointments. Reach them at (828) 737-7711.
  • Elk River Medical: Located at 150 Park Avenue in Banner Elk, NC. They provide comprehensive medical services including STI testing. Call them at (828) 733-2335.
  • Women’s Health: Located at 381 Deerfield Road, Boone, NC. They offer specialized STI testing and women’s health services. Call (828) 386-2746.

Remember, taking care of your sexual health is just another form of self-care. Support each other, stay informed, and keep the conversation going.