Questions about Urinary Tract Infections?

Understanding a Common Diagnosis: Insights from Dr. Brett Magner's Health Talk

What is a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)?

A urinary tract infection (UTI) is exactly what it sounds like, an infection in any part of the urinary tract. The urinary tract consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. UTIs are typically caused by bacteria, most commonly E. coli, entering the urinary system. Certain individuals have a higher risk of having a UTI, including pregnant women, those who are immunocompromised, and individuals who have urinary catheters. While both men and women can have a UTI, it is most often seen in women. Brett Magner, MD, noted that “One half of all women will experience a UTI in their lifetime.” This startling statistic is part of the reason Dr. Magner delivered an informative virtual Health Talk on all things UTI, helping us understand this common diagnosis.

Symptoms: What are some signs of a UTI?

● Painful urination (Dysuria)
● Frequent/urgent urination
● Pain/ cramping
● Blood in urine
● Confusion (more common in older adults)
● Fever/chills
● Nausea/vomiting

“These symptoms are commonly associated with a UTI but they could also signal another medical issue. That’s why it’s important to see your doctor for an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment,” said Dr. Magner.

Testing: How to go about being treated for a UTI

A doctor can often diagnose a UTI based on your symptoms, but additional testing may be needed to confirm the infection before starting treatment. One common method is a urine sample, which helps detect signs of an infection. Another is a urine culture, where your urine is tested to see if bacteria grow over time. If bacteria are present, it confirms a UTI.

Urine cultures are especially useful because they help identify the specific bacteria causing the infection. This allows your provider to select the most effective antibiotic, ensuring better treatment and faster relief (2).

Treatment: What will fight the infection?

The primary treatment for UTIs is a 3- to 5-day course of antibiotics, the only means for healthcare providers to eliminate the bacteria causing the infection. Treatment is most commonly outpatient, but in severe cases, it can necessitate hospitalization. Dr. Magner emphasized that while many over-the-counter products can help relieve and even prevent a UTI, they cannot cure the infection.

Over the counter treatments include:

● Phenazopyridine (Pyridium -RX) for urinary pain.
● Acetaminophen (Tylenol) for pain relief, reduces fever.
● Ibuprofen (Advil) for pain relief, reduces inflammation.

Prevention: How to avoid a UTI

Over-the-counter preventions include:

● Cranberry products
● D-Mannose

Prescription preventions include:

● Vaginal Estrogen
● Prophylactic Antibiotics
● Methenamine

Other ways to avoid a UTI:

● Maintain proper hygiene
● Wiping front to back after using the restroom
● Breathable clothing
● Frequently change underwear
● Stay hydrated to frequently flush out bacteria

Urinary Tract Infections are painful and can negatively impact your day-to-day life. Taking the steps to prevent a UTI can make a big difference. If you find yourself experiencing symptoms of a UTI, schedule an appointment with your primary care physician. If you're interested in scheduling an appointment with Dr. Magner at Elk River Medical, call 828-898-5177 or schedule an appointment online.

References

(1) Mayo Clinic. (2022). Urinary Tract Infection. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/urinary-tract-infection/symptoms-causes/syc-20353447
(2) Cleveland Clinic. (2024). Urine Culture. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/22126-urine-culture